veloVI benchmark on cell cycle data

Contents

veloVI benchmark on cell cycle data#

Notebook benchmarks velocity, latent time and GRN inference, and cross boundary correctness using RegVelo on cell cycle data.

Library imports#

import pandas as pd

import anndata as ad
import scanpy as sc
import scvelo as scv
import scvi
from velovi import VELOVI

from rgv_tools import DATA_DIR
from rgv_tools.benchmarking import set_output

General settings#

scv.settings.verbosity = 3

Constants#

DATASET = "cell_cycle"

STATE_TRANSITIONS = [("G1", "S"), ("S", "G2M")]

SAVE_DATA = True
if SAVE_DATA:
    (DATA_DIR / "results").mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)

nn_levels = [10, 30, 50, 70, 90, 100]

Functions#

def compute_confidence(adata, vkey="velocity"):
    """Compute the velocity confidence for a given AnnData object.

    Parameters
    ----------
    adata : AnnData
        Annotated data matrix (single-cell data) containing layers for velocity analysis.
    vkey : str, optional (default="velocity")
        Key in adata.layers corresponding to the velocity matrix.

    Returns
    -------
    g_df : pandas.DataFrame
        DataFrame containing the velocity confidence scores for each cell.
    """
    adata.layers[vkey]
    scv.tl.velocity_graph(adata, vkey=vkey, n_jobs=1)
    scv.tl.velocity_confidence(adata, vkey=vkey)

    g_df = pd.DataFrame()
    g_df[f"{vkey}_consistency"] = adata.obs[f"{vkey}_confidence"].to_numpy().ravel()

    return g_df

Velocity pipeline#

for level in nn_levels:
    adata = ad.io.read_h5ad(DATA_DIR / "processed" / f"adata_processed_nn{level}.h5ad")
    sc.pp.neighbors(
        adata, n_neighbors=30, n_pcs=30
    )  # redefine neighborhood graph to ensure graph is the same when calculate velocity consistency

    print(adata)
    scvi.settings.seed = 0
    VELOVI.setup_anndata(adata, spliced_layer="Ms", unspliced_layer="Mu")
    vae = VELOVI(adata)
    vae.train(max_epochs=1500)

    set_output(adata, vae, n_samples=30)

    t_df = compute_confidence(adata, vkey="fit_t")
    t_df["Dataset"] = "Cell cycle"
    t_df["Method"] = "velovi"

    v_df = compute_confidence(adata, vkey="velocity")
    v_df["Dataset"] = "Cell cycle"
    v_df["Method"] = "velovi"

    t_df.to_parquet(path=DATA_DIR / "results" / f"velovi_confidence_time_{level}.parquet")

    v_df.to_parquet(path=DATA_DIR / "results" / f"velovi_confidence_velocity_{level}.parquet")

2025-09-29 19:45:37.533643: E external/local_xla/xla/stream_executor/cuda/cuda_fft.cc:477] Unable to register cuFFT factory: Attempting to register factory for plugin cuFFT when one has already been registered
WARNING: All log messages before absl::InitializeLog() is called are written to STDERR
E0000 00:00:1759167938.389113 1655430 cuda_dnn.cc:8310] Unable to register cuDNN factory: Attempting to register factory for plugin cuDNN when one has already been registered
E0000 00:00:1759167938.813134 1655430 cuda_blas.cc:1418] Unable to register cuBLAS factory: Attempting to register factory for plugin cuBLAS when one has already been registered
[rank: 0] Seed set to 0

AnnData object with n_obs × n_vars = 1146 × 354
    obs: 'phase', 'fucci_time', 'initial_size_unspliced', 'initial_size_spliced', 'initial_size', 'n_counts'
    var: 'ensum_id', 'gene_count_corr', 'means', 'dispersions', 'dispersions_norm', 'highly_variable', 'velocity_gamma', 'velocity_qreg_ratio', 'velocity_r2', 'velocity_genes'
    uns: 'log1p', 'neighbors', 'pca', 'velocity_params'
    obsm: 'X_pca'
    varm: 'PCs'
    layers: 'Ms', 'Mu', 'spliced', 'total', 'unspliced', 'velocity'
    obsp: 'connectivities', 'distances'

/home/icb/weixu.wang/miniconda3/envs/regvelo_test/lib/python3.10/site-packages/lightning/fabric/plugins/environments/slurm.py:204: The `srun` command is available on your system but is not used. HINT: If your intention is to run Lightning on SLURM, prepend your python command with `srun` like so: srun python /home/icb/weixu.wang/miniconda3/envs/regvelo_test/li ...
/home/icb/weixu.wang/miniconda3/envs/regvelo_test/lib/python3.10/site-packages/lightning/fabric/plugins/environments/slurm.py:204: The `srun` command is available on your system but is not used. HINT: If your intention is to run Lightning on SLURM, prepend your python command with `srun` like so: srun python /home/icb/weixu.wang/miniconda3/envs/regvelo_test/li ...
GPU available: True (cuda), used: True
TPU available: False, using: 0 TPU cores
HPU available: False, using: 0 HPUs
/home/icb/weixu.wang/miniconda3/envs/regvelo_test/lib/python3.10/site-packages/lightning/fabric/plugins/environments/slurm.py:204: The `srun` command is available on your system but is not used. HINT: If your intention is to run Lightning on SLURM, prepend your python command with `srun` like so: srun python /home/icb/weixu.wang/miniconda3/envs/regvelo_test/li ...
LOCAL_RANK: 0 - CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES: [0]
/home/icb/weixu.wang/miniconda3/envs/regvelo_test/lib/python3.10/site-packages/lightning/pytorch/trainer/connectors/data_connector.py:424: The 'train_dataloader' does not have many workers which may be a bottleneck. Consider increasing the value of the `num_workers` argument` to `num_workers=5` in the `DataLoader` to improve performance.
/home/icb/weixu.wang/miniconda3/envs/regvelo_test/lib/python3.10/site-packages/lightning/pytorch/loops/fit_loop.py:298: The number of training batches (5) is smaller than the logging interval Trainer(log_every_n_steps=10). Set a lower value for log_every_n_steps if you want to see logs for the training epoch.
/home/icb/weixu.wang/miniconda3/envs/regvelo_test/lib/python3.10/site-packages/lightning/pytorch/trainer/connectors/data_connector.py:424: The 'val_dataloader' does not have many workers which may be a bottleneck. Consider increasing the value of the `num_workers` argument` to `num_workers=5` in the `DataLoader` to improve performance.

Monitored metric elbo_validation did not improve in the last 45 records. Best score: -831.898. Signaling Trainer to stop.
computing velocity graph (using 1/112 cores)

    finished (0:00:01) --> added 
    'fit_t_graph', sparse matrix with cosine correlations (adata.uns)
--> added 'fit_t_length' (adata.obs)
--> added 'fit_t_confidence' (adata.obs)
--> added 'fit_t_confidence_transition' (adata.obs)
computing velocity graph (using 1/112 cores)

    finished (0:00:01) --> added 
    'velocity_graph', sparse matrix with cosine correlations (adata.uns)
--> added 'velocity_length' (adata.obs)
--> added 'velocity_confidence' (adata.obs)
--> added 'velocity_confidence_transition' (adata.obs)

[rank: 0] Seed set to 0
/home/icb/weixu.wang/miniconda3/envs/regvelo_test/lib/python3.10/site-packages/lightning/fabric/plugins/environments/slurm.py:204: The `srun` command is available on your system but is not used. HINT: If your intention is to run Lightning on SLURM, prepend your python command with `srun` like so: srun python /home/icb/weixu.wang/miniconda3/envs/regvelo_test/li ...
/home/icb/weixu.wang/miniconda3/envs/regvelo_test/lib/python3.10/site-packages/lightning/fabric/plugins/environments/slurm.py:204: The `srun` command is available on your system but is not used. HINT: If your intention is to run Lightning on SLURM, prepend your python command with `srun` like so: srun python /home/icb/weixu.wang/miniconda3/envs/regvelo_test/li ...
GPU available: True (cuda), used: True
TPU available: False, using: 0 TPU cores
HPU available: False, using: 0 HPUs
/home/icb/weixu.wang/miniconda3/envs/regvelo_test/lib/python3.10/site-packages/lightning/fabric/plugins/environments/slurm.py:204: The `srun` command is available on your system but is not used. HINT: If your intention is to run Lightning on SLURM, prepend your python command with `srun` like so: srun python /home/icb/weixu.wang/miniconda3/envs/regvelo_test/li ...
LOCAL_RANK: 0 - CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES: [0]

AnnData object with n_obs × n_vars = 1146 × 395
    obs: 'phase', 'fucci_time', 'initial_size_unspliced', 'initial_size_spliced', 'initial_size', 'n_counts'
    var: 'ensum_id', 'gene_count_corr', 'means', 'dispersions', 'dispersions_norm', 'highly_variable', 'velocity_gamma', 'velocity_qreg_ratio', 'velocity_r2', 'velocity_genes'
    uns: 'log1p', 'neighbors', 'pca', 'velocity_params'
    obsm: 'X_pca'
    varm: 'PCs'
    layers: 'Ms', 'Mu', 'spliced', 'total', 'unspliced', 'velocity'
    obsp: 'connectivities', 'distances'

/home/icb/weixu.wang/miniconda3/envs/regvelo_test/lib/python3.10/site-packages/lightning/pytorch/trainer/connectors/data_connector.py:424: The 'train_dataloader' does not have many workers which may be a bottleneck. Consider increasing the value of the `num_workers` argument` to `num_workers=5` in the `DataLoader` to improve performance.
/home/icb/weixu.wang/miniconda3/envs/regvelo_test/lib/python3.10/site-packages/lightning/pytorch/loops/fit_loop.py:298: The number of training batches (5) is smaller than the logging interval Trainer(log_every_n_steps=10). Set a lower value for log_every_n_steps if you want to see logs for the training epoch.
/home/icb/weixu.wang/miniconda3/envs/regvelo_test/lib/python3.10/site-packages/lightning/pytorch/trainer/connectors/data_connector.py:424: The 'val_dataloader' does not have many workers which may be a bottleneck. Consider increasing the value of the `num_workers` argument` to `num_workers=5` in the `DataLoader` to improve performance.

Monitored metric elbo_validation did not improve in the last 45 records. Best score: -575.689. Signaling Trainer to stop.
computing velocity graph (using 1/112 cores)

    finished (0:00:01) --> added 
    'fit_t_graph', sparse matrix with cosine correlations (adata.uns)
--> added 'fit_t_length' (adata.obs)
--> added 'fit_t_confidence' (adata.obs)
--> added 'fit_t_confidence_transition' (adata.obs)
computing velocity graph (using 1/112 cores)

    finished (0:00:01) --> added 
    'velocity_graph', sparse matrix with cosine correlations (adata.uns)
--> added 'velocity_length' (adata.obs)
--> added 'velocity_confidence' (adata.obs)
--> added 'velocity_confidence_transition' (adata.obs)

[rank: 0] Seed set to 0
/home/icb/weixu.wang/miniconda3/envs/regvelo_test/lib/python3.10/site-packages/lightning/fabric/plugins/environments/slurm.py:204: The `srun` command is available on your system but is not used. HINT: If your intention is to run Lightning on SLURM, prepend your python command with `srun` like so: srun python /home/icb/weixu.wang/miniconda3/envs/regvelo_test/li ...
/home/icb/weixu.wang/miniconda3/envs/regvelo_test/lib/python3.10/site-packages/lightning/fabric/plugins/environments/slurm.py:204: The `srun` command is available on your system but is not used. HINT: If your intention is to run Lightning on SLURM, prepend your python command with `srun` like so: srun python /home/icb/weixu.wang/miniconda3/envs/regvelo_test/li ...
GPU available: True (cuda), used: True
TPU available: False, using: 0 TPU cores
HPU available: False, using: 0 HPUs
/home/icb/weixu.wang/miniconda3/envs/regvelo_test/lib/python3.10/site-packages/lightning/fabric/plugins/environments/slurm.py:204: The `srun` command is available on your system but is not used. HINT: If your intention is to run Lightning on SLURM, prepend your python command with `srun` like so: srun python /home/icb/weixu.wang/miniconda3/envs/regvelo_test/li ...
LOCAL_RANK: 0 - CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES: [0]

AnnData object with n_obs × n_vars = 1146 × 418
    obs: 'phase', 'fucci_time', 'initial_size_unspliced', 'initial_size_spliced', 'initial_size', 'n_counts'
    var: 'ensum_id', 'gene_count_corr', 'means', 'dispersions', 'dispersions_norm', 'highly_variable', 'velocity_gamma', 'velocity_qreg_ratio', 'velocity_r2', 'velocity_genes'
    uns: 'log1p', 'neighbors', 'pca', 'velocity_params'
    obsm: 'X_pca'
    varm: 'PCs'
    layers: 'Ms', 'Mu', 'spliced', 'total', 'unspliced', 'velocity'
    obsp: 'connectivities', 'distances'

/home/icb/weixu.wang/miniconda3/envs/regvelo_test/lib/python3.10/site-packages/lightning/pytorch/trainer/connectors/data_connector.py:424: The 'train_dataloader' does not have many workers which may be a bottleneck. Consider increasing the value of the `num_workers` argument` to `num_workers=5` in the `DataLoader` to improve performance.
/home/icb/weixu.wang/miniconda3/envs/regvelo_test/lib/python3.10/site-packages/lightning/pytorch/loops/fit_loop.py:298: The number of training batches (5) is smaller than the logging interval Trainer(log_every_n_steps=10). Set a lower value for log_every_n_steps if you want to see logs for the training epoch.
/home/icb/weixu.wang/miniconda3/envs/regvelo_test/lib/python3.10/site-packages/lightning/pytorch/trainer/connectors/data_connector.py:424: The 'val_dataloader' does not have many workers which may be a bottleneck. Consider increasing the value of the `num_workers` argument` to `num_workers=5` in the `DataLoader` to improve performance.

Monitored metric elbo_validation did not improve in the last 45 records. Best score: -516.124. Signaling Trainer to stop.
computing velocity graph (using 1/112 cores)

    finished (0:00:01) --> added 
    'fit_t_graph', sparse matrix with cosine correlations (adata.uns)
--> added 'fit_t_length' (adata.obs)
--> added 'fit_t_confidence' (adata.obs)
--> added 'fit_t_confidence_transition' (adata.obs)
computing velocity graph (using 1/112 cores)

    finished (0:00:01) --> added 
    'velocity_graph', sparse matrix with cosine correlations (adata.uns)
--> added 'velocity_length' (adata.obs)
--> added 'velocity_confidence' (adata.obs)
--> added 'velocity_confidence_transition' (adata.obs)

[rank: 0] Seed set to 0
/home/icb/weixu.wang/miniconda3/envs/regvelo_test/lib/python3.10/site-packages/lightning/fabric/plugins/environments/slurm.py:204: The `srun` command is available on your system but is not used. HINT: If your intention is to run Lightning on SLURM, prepend your python command with `srun` like so: srun python /home/icb/weixu.wang/miniconda3/envs/regvelo_test/li ...
/home/icb/weixu.wang/miniconda3/envs/regvelo_test/lib/python3.10/site-packages/lightning/fabric/plugins/environments/slurm.py:204: The `srun` command is available on your system but is not used. HINT: If your intention is to run Lightning on SLURM, prepend your python command with `srun` like so: srun python /home/icb/weixu.wang/miniconda3/envs/regvelo_test/li ...
GPU available: True (cuda), used: True
TPU available: False, using: 0 TPU cores
HPU available: False, using: 0 HPUs
/home/icb/weixu.wang/miniconda3/envs/regvelo_test/lib/python3.10/site-packages/lightning/fabric/plugins/environments/slurm.py:204: The `srun` command is available on your system but is not used. HINT: If your intention is to run Lightning on SLURM, prepend your python command with `srun` like so: srun python /home/icb/weixu.wang/miniconda3/envs/regvelo_test/li ...
LOCAL_RANK: 0 - CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES: [0]

AnnData object with n_obs × n_vars = 1146 × 443
    obs: 'phase', 'fucci_time', 'initial_size_unspliced', 'initial_size_spliced', 'initial_size', 'n_counts'
    var: 'ensum_id', 'gene_count_corr', 'means', 'dispersions', 'dispersions_norm', 'highly_variable', 'velocity_gamma', 'velocity_qreg_ratio', 'velocity_r2', 'velocity_genes'
    uns: 'log1p', 'neighbors', 'pca', 'velocity_params'
    obsm: 'X_pca'
    varm: 'PCs'
    layers: 'Ms', 'Mu', 'spliced', 'total', 'unspliced', 'velocity'
    obsp: 'connectivities', 'distances'

/home/icb/weixu.wang/miniconda3/envs/regvelo_test/lib/python3.10/site-packages/lightning/pytorch/trainer/connectors/data_connector.py:424: The 'train_dataloader' does not have many workers which may be a bottleneck. Consider increasing the value of the `num_workers` argument` to `num_workers=5` in the `DataLoader` to improve performance.
/home/icb/weixu.wang/miniconda3/envs/regvelo_test/lib/python3.10/site-packages/lightning/pytorch/loops/fit_loop.py:298: The number of training batches (5) is smaller than the logging interval Trainer(log_every_n_steps=10). Set a lower value for log_every_n_steps if you want to see logs for the training epoch.
/home/icb/weixu.wang/miniconda3/envs/regvelo_test/lib/python3.10/site-packages/lightning/pytorch/trainer/connectors/data_connector.py:424: The 'val_dataloader' does not have many workers which may be a bottleneck. Consider increasing the value of the `num_workers` argument` to `num_workers=5` in the `DataLoader` to improve performance.

Monitored metric elbo_validation did not improve in the last 45 records. Best score: -522.628. Signaling Trainer to stop.
computing velocity graph (using 1/112 cores)

    finished (0:00:01) --> added 
    'fit_t_graph', sparse matrix with cosine correlations (adata.uns)
--> added 'fit_t_length' (adata.obs)
--> added 'fit_t_confidence' (adata.obs)
--> added 'fit_t_confidence_transition' (adata.obs)
computing velocity graph (using 1/112 cores)

    finished (0:00:01) --> added 
    'velocity_graph', sparse matrix with cosine correlations (adata.uns)
--> added 'velocity_length' (adata.obs)
--> added 'velocity_confidence' (adata.obs)
--> added 'velocity_confidence_transition' (adata.obs)

[rank: 0] Seed set to 0
/home/icb/weixu.wang/miniconda3/envs/regvelo_test/lib/python3.10/site-packages/lightning/fabric/plugins/environments/slurm.py:204: The `srun` command is available on your system but is not used. HINT: If your intention is to run Lightning on SLURM, prepend your python command with `srun` like so: srun python /home/icb/weixu.wang/miniconda3/envs/regvelo_test/li ...
/home/icb/weixu.wang/miniconda3/envs/regvelo_test/lib/python3.10/site-packages/lightning/fabric/plugins/environments/slurm.py:204: The `srun` command is available on your system but is not used. HINT: If your intention is to run Lightning on SLURM, prepend your python command with `srun` like so: srun python /home/icb/weixu.wang/miniconda3/envs/regvelo_test/li ...
GPU available: True (cuda), used: True
TPU available: False, using: 0 TPU cores
HPU available: False, using: 0 HPUs
/home/icb/weixu.wang/miniconda3/envs/regvelo_test/lib/python3.10/site-packages/lightning/fabric/plugins/environments/slurm.py:204: The `srun` command is available on your system but is not used. HINT: If your intention is to run Lightning on SLURM, prepend your python command with `srun` like so: srun python /home/icb/weixu.wang/miniconda3/envs/regvelo_test/li ...
LOCAL_RANK: 0 - CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES: [0]

AnnData object with n_obs × n_vars = 1146 × 471
    obs: 'phase', 'fucci_time', 'initial_size_unspliced', 'initial_size_spliced', 'initial_size', 'n_counts'
    var: 'ensum_id', 'gene_count_corr', 'means', 'dispersions', 'dispersions_norm', 'highly_variable', 'velocity_gamma', 'velocity_qreg_ratio', 'velocity_r2', 'velocity_genes'
    uns: 'log1p', 'neighbors', 'pca', 'velocity_params'
    obsm: 'X_pca'
    varm: 'PCs'
    layers: 'Ms', 'Mu', 'spliced', 'total', 'unspliced', 'velocity'
    obsp: 'connectivities', 'distances'

/home/icb/weixu.wang/miniconda3/envs/regvelo_test/lib/python3.10/site-packages/lightning/pytorch/trainer/connectors/data_connector.py:424: The 'train_dataloader' does not have many workers which may be a bottleneck. Consider increasing the value of the `num_workers` argument` to `num_workers=5` in the `DataLoader` to improve performance.
/home/icb/weixu.wang/miniconda3/envs/regvelo_test/lib/python3.10/site-packages/lightning/pytorch/loops/fit_loop.py:298: The number of training batches (5) is smaller than the logging interval Trainer(log_every_n_steps=10). Set a lower value for log_every_n_steps if you want to see logs for the training epoch.
/home/icb/weixu.wang/miniconda3/envs/regvelo_test/lib/python3.10/site-packages/lightning/pytorch/trainer/connectors/data_connector.py:424: The 'val_dataloader' does not have many workers which may be a bottleneck. Consider increasing the value of the `num_workers` argument` to `num_workers=5` in the `DataLoader` to improve performance.

Monitored metric elbo_validation did not improve in the last 45 records. Best score: -513.088. Signaling Trainer to stop.
computing velocity graph (using 1/112 cores)

    finished (0:00:01) --> added 
    'fit_t_graph', sparse matrix with cosine correlations (adata.uns)
--> added 'fit_t_length' (adata.obs)
--> added 'fit_t_confidence' (adata.obs)
--> added 'fit_t_confidence_transition' (adata.obs)
computing velocity graph (using 1/112 cores)

    finished (0:00:01) --> added 
    'velocity_graph', sparse matrix with cosine correlations (adata.uns)
--> added 'velocity_length' (adata.obs)
--> added 'velocity_confidence' (adata.obs)
--> added 'velocity_confidence_transition' (adata.obs)

[rank: 0] Seed set to 0
/home/icb/weixu.wang/miniconda3/envs/regvelo_test/lib/python3.10/site-packages/lightning/fabric/plugins/environments/slurm.py:204: The `srun` command is available on your system but is not used. HINT: If your intention is to run Lightning on SLURM, prepend your python command with `srun` like so: srun python /home/icb/weixu.wang/miniconda3/envs/regvelo_test/li ...
/home/icb/weixu.wang/miniconda3/envs/regvelo_test/lib/python3.10/site-packages/lightning/fabric/plugins/environments/slurm.py:204: The `srun` command is available on your system but is not used. HINT: If your intention is to run Lightning on SLURM, prepend your python command with `srun` like so: srun python /home/icb/weixu.wang/miniconda3/envs/regvelo_test/li ...
GPU available: True (cuda), used: True
TPU available: False, using: 0 TPU cores
HPU available: False, using: 0 HPUs
/home/icb/weixu.wang/miniconda3/envs/regvelo_test/lib/python3.10/site-packages/lightning/fabric/plugins/environments/slurm.py:204: The `srun` command is available on your system but is not used. HINT: If your intention is to run Lightning on SLURM, prepend your python command with `srun` like so: srun python /home/icb/weixu.wang/miniconda3/envs/regvelo_test/li ...
LOCAL_RANK: 0 - CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES: [0]

AnnData object with n_obs × n_vars = 1146 × 480
    obs: 'phase', 'fucci_time', 'initial_size_unspliced', 'initial_size_spliced', 'initial_size', 'n_counts'
    var: 'ensum_id', 'gene_count_corr', 'means', 'dispersions', 'dispersions_norm', 'highly_variable', 'velocity_gamma', 'velocity_qreg_ratio', 'velocity_r2', 'velocity_genes'
    uns: 'log1p', 'neighbors', 'pca', 'velocity_params'
    obsm: 'X_pca'
    varm: 'PCs'
    layers: 'Ms', 'Mu', 'spliced', 'total', 'unspliced', 'velocity'
    obsp: 'connectivities', 'distances'

/home/icb/weixu.wang/miniconda3/envs/regvelo_test/lib/python3.10/site-packages/lightning/pytorch/trainer/connectors/data_connector.py:424: The 'train_dataloader' does not have many workers which may be a bottleneck. Consider increasing the value of the `num_workers` argument` to `num_workers=5` in the `DataLoader` to improve performance.
/home/icb/weixu.wang/miniconda3/envs/regvelo_test/lib/python3.10/site-packages/lightning/pytorch/loops/fit_loop.py:298: The number of training batches (5) is smaller than the logging interval Trainer(log_every_n_steps=10). Set a lower value for log_every_n_steps if you want to see logs for the training epoch.
/home/icb/weixu.wang/miniconda3/envs/regvelo_test/lib/python3.10/site-packages/lightning/pytorch/trainer/connectors/data_connector.py:424: The 'val_dataloader' does not have many workers which may be a bottleneck. Consider increasing the value of the `num_workers` argument` to `num_workers=5` in the `DataLoader` to improve performance.

Monitored metric elbo_validation did not improve in the last 45 records. Best score: -495.670. Signaling Trainer to stop.
computing velocity graph (using 1/112 cores)

    finished (0:00:01) --> added 
    'fit_t_graph', sparse matrix with cosine correlations (adata.uns)
--> added 'fit_t_length' (adata.obs)
--> added 'fit_t_confidence' (adata.obs)
--> added 'fit_t_confidence_transition' (adata.obs)
computing velocity graph (using 1/112 cores)

    finished (0:00:01) --> added 
    'velocity_graph', sparse matrix with cosine correlations (adata.uns)
--> added 'velocity_length' (adata.obs)
--> added 'velocity_confidence' (adata.obs)
--> added 'velocity_confidence_transition' (adata.obs)

v_df

	velocity_consistency	Dataset	Method
0	0.759060	Cell cycle	velovi
1	0.762383	Cell cycle	velovi
2	0.780014	Cell cycle	velovi
3	0.585037	Cell cycle	velovi
4	0.895268	Cell cycle	velovi
...	...	...	...
1141	0.849652	Cell cycle	velovi
1142	0.795326	Cell cycle	velovi
1143	0.827614	Cell cycle	velovi
1144	0.838542	Cell cycle	velovi
1145	0.801383	Cell cycle	velovi

1146 rows × 3 columns